Dinosaur Extinction Essay examples -- essays research papers

     A number of various speculations have been evaluated over the span of this examination to endeavor to arrive at a resolution concerning the purpose for the elimination of the Tyrannosaurus Rex. Albeit all contentions are valid, and steady with taught data and information, the most decisive hypothesis of everything is The Alvarez Asteroid Impact hypothesis.      Alvarez, an analyst at the University of California, found a pencil slight layer of Iridium around the stones in Gubbio, Italy. (New Scientist, 1) Iridium is a component found in shooting stars and space rocks. In 1980 it was demonstrated that the layer if Iridium was proof of a colossal comet or shooting star that collided with the earth sixty 5,000,000 years back. The typical measure of Iridium a region is to have is 0.001 on a normal. The layer of Iridium found in Gubbio Italy was 0.003. Multiple times the normal sum in parts per million. (New Scientist, 1) The hypothesis of the Alvarez Asteroid expresses that the quality of this comet is at multiple times the hazardous intensity of the worldwide atomic munititions stockpile. The Alvarez Asteroid hypothesis is the main clarification regarding why the astounding dinosaur animals kicked the bucket a huge number of years back, alongside numerous different creatures of the Earth's Crustaceous Period.      The annihilation of the Tyrannosaurus Rex was clearly because of a similar explanation. Each and every other living species was executed sixty 5,000,000 years back. In spite of the fact that it is accepted that the space rock hypothesis is the reason for termination of the Crustaceous Period, we can't be sure. The natural impacts of this issue were that the dinosaurs living during this period died from the earth and their termination stays a secret to us right up 'til the present time. Everything we can do to reenact what happened is utilize the innovation we have in the twenty first century to discover more proof to perceive what turned out badly such a long time ago. By finding things like what befell the Tyrannosaurus Rex we can utilize this data to forestall an occasion, for example, a mass eradication from happening a subsequent time.      Although it is difficult to modify history, we despite everything must be mindful so as to forestall a fiasco like the space rock said to have hit the earth sixty 5,000,000 years prior. In the event that there is ever an alarm of a space rock as large as the Alvarez Asteroid, one method of preventin... ...d at any rate seven tons and were more than forty feet in length. The T-Rex was the biggest meat-eating dinosaur. The teeth of the T-Rex are thick and sharp for the slaughtering of its prey. The T-Rex was likewise quick; in certainty it could surpass any types of dinosaur on the off chance that it was ravenous enough. Researchers have likewise discovered that the Tyrannosaurus was additionally savvy, it would outsmart any prey on the off chance that it required a tidbit, even the Gigantosaurus the main dinosaur that is greater than the T-Rex wasn't more brilliant than the lord. (Features, 22)      The Tyrannosaurus Rex was a shrewd and fascinating dinosaur and tragically we will always be unable to see one. The eradication of dinosaurs was welcomed on by the Alvarez Theory. It is incredible to recognize what really befell them now, and furthermore realize how to keep such an event from happening once more. On the off chance that our nation utilizes the innovation it has accessible it will be conceivable to discover increasingly about the mass eradication of the Crustaceous Period. As the years pass innovation turns out to be further developed and we will in the long run have a universal knowledge of what happened sixty 5,000,000 years back.  â â â â

Deism The Child of the Renaissance

Deism (Lat. Deus †God) is a philosophical stance that gives a particular demeanor to strict convictions. The deists acknowledged that the world was made by some preeminent being (God), however the world’s further advancement was without His association. The timespan when this philosophical examination happened isn't carefully characterized, yet there were numerous rationalists who acknowledged this purpose of view.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Deism: The Child of the Renaissance explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among them are Locke, Jefferson and Paine. In this article, we will examine and clarify the deism of the time of Enlightenment and show the relations between ides of deism and Enlightenment theory through the investigation of showing such incredible individuals as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine and Thomas Jefferson. So as to comprehend why deism was so famous during the time of illumination, we ought to quickly look at the fundamental philosophical thoughts of this à ©poque. The principle thought of this period was the glorification of an individual. The rationalists gave the possibility that man was a maker of his life and of everything around him. They declared the intensity of information and the capacity to control nature with its assistance. Along these lines, individuals were not reliant on the God’s will and were experts of their destinies. These thoughts were fundamentally focal on the hypothesis of deism. The basic element of deism and reasoning of edification was the mentality to God and religion. In this way, deism, just as edification, recognized the inventive intensity of God through â€Å"nature and reason, not revelation† (â€Å"Deism †Enlightened Emptiness† n. p.). The deists didn't distinguish just a single God for one religion, in actuality, they thought about that one force or a â€Å"divine being† made the world and this force is regular for all religions. Besides, deism assumed that God doesn't run over one’s life and nature, instead of this thought, they declared that people are accountable for the world. In this way, edification and deism were normal in a certain something: â€Å"God turned into close to the preeminent intelligence† (Kramnick 12). The thoughts of deism were upheld by such scholars as Franklin, Paine and Jefferson. In the book The Age of Reason, Thomas Paine asserts that he has confidence in: â€Å"equality of man, and that strict obligation comprises in doing equity, adoring leniency, and try to make our individual animals happy† (Paine 18).Advertising Looking for paper on theory? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He had faith in religion â€Å"cleaned† from strange notions and doctrines. He likewise accepted that it was not important to go to Church to demonstrate one’s destiny. Similar thoughts of deism, h owever increasingly customary ones, were given by Benjamin Franklin. Rather than Paine, Franklin affirmed that God â€Å"governs by his provision. That he should be worshiped† (Franklin and Bigelow 79). Franklin additionally had faith in everlasting soul and the hereafter. President Thomas Jefferson’s strict perspectives were likewise motivated by English Deists. He bolstered the educating of Jesus and believed it to be the preeminent ethical quality. This president bolstered the strict opportunity. Despite the fact that this man had never recognized himself with specific deism development, he shared their thoughts, however in his own translation. In this way, we can reach a resolution that numerous scholars, lawmakers, essayists and different renowned individuals shared the thoughts if deism, particularly the ones that lived and worked during the time of edification. Besides, it is reasonable for propose that deism and the time of edification had the equivalent philos ophical achievement and mentality to God and human. The deists acknowledged that world was made by God, be that as it may, simultaneously they gave individuals option to be bosses of their lives. Works Cited Kramnick, Issac. The Portable Enlightenment Reader. New York: Penguin Books, 1995. Paine, Thomas. The Age of Reason. Overlooked Books, 1923. Franklin, Benjamin, and John Bigelo. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Overlooked Books, 1945. â€Å"Deism †Enlightened Emptiness†. About Philosophy †The Big Questions. Web.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Deism: The Child of the Renaissance explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper on Deism: The Child of the Renaissance was composed and put together by client Diego Glenn to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Challenges and Security in Big Data Analysis †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discussn about the Challenges and Security in Big Data Analysis. Answer: Presentation: Enormous information is the huge volume of information put away on the web. The associations are confronting issues in dealing with the mind boggling information for recovery. The administration of enormous information is equipped for settling the issues related with recovery of data. The progression in large information the board assumes an imperative job in taking effective choice related with the basic area of big business by giving moment data (Sinanc, 2015). Nature of huge information can be described by taking care of information in petabytes, appropriation and the executives of excess information for capacity, utilizing the handling related with equal undertakings, expanding the abilities of information preparing, effective in addition and recovery of data, and focal administration of information. In this paper we are going to concentrate on the security and protection concerns related with the administration of enormous information over the system and what are the potential a nswers for handle the large information (Wayne, 2013). The design of the enormous information condition is portrayed with the 5 Vs model which are made out of assortment, volume, veracity, speed and worth. The accompanying graph shows the qualities of the enormous information condition. Necessity of security in the administration of large information: The security issues related with the large information ought to be taken care of enough on the grounds that the wastefulness of the security methods will prompt the outcomes of lawful issues (Muoro, 2013). The conventional security methods are not sufficient to deal with the large information accessible on the cloud. The administration of security issues related with the treatment of enormous information includes the incorporation of encryption approaches, recognition by utilizing nectar pot, and logging strategy. The expansion in the volume of information accessible on the system will results into the introduction of security and protection challenges related with the smoothing out of the information (Munaye, 2013). The accompanying table shows the rundown of security and protection issues related with Big information: Security and protection issues Portrayal Security related with the huge information foundation Security issues related with the advancement of system for conveyed programming The information put away in the non-social databases Equal programming framework includes the enormous measure of information for playing out its errands at the same time (Schmitt, 2013). It utilizes map decrease procedures for taking care of information. The incorporation of iterative strategies can make the situation of protection and security issues (Moreno, 2016). Security issues with non-social information the board Versatility in utilizing the innovation of information investigation and mining Security issues related with the focal administration of the information Access control related with the information the executives The NOSQL databases are frail in security framework Information stockpiling at focal database Putting away the information on value-based logs Inspecting of the granular information Provenance related with the administration of focal information The utilization of multi-layered gadgets for putting away the information can make the issue of exactness and exponential increment of information. Trustworthiness of information the board Approval and sifting of end point information Observing of the security issues related with the ongoing administration framework The numerous sources utilized for gathering the information requires extraordinary consideration of security The checking of legitimacy of the information is the significant security concern (Parms, 2013) Presentation to the normal security vulnerabilities No revealing of vulnerabilities related with the interior working of the undertaking Security issues related with the web interface The abuse of the interface due to scripting of the cross-site engineering (Neves, 2016). Fabrication related with the infusion of SQL articulations The security concern ought to be contemplated for checking the spillages of the delicate data. Security issues related with the approval strategies The secret phrase arrangement are not followed for the advancement of solid secret word Security administrations gave by the system are wasteful The aggressor can hack the enormous information from the system because of the wastefulness of the security administrations. Wastefulness in the encryption strategies The listening stealthily assault get related with the IoT gadgets Uncertainty in the interface utilized by the cloud condition The wastefulness in the validation conventions can result into hacking assault Uncertainty in the interface utilized by the cell phones The wastefulness in the validation conventions can result into hacking assault Wastefulness in the security arrangement The arrangement is of low quality for controlling the exchange of information Physical security isn't precise The arranging of the physical framework isn't sufficient Checking of the ongoing information the board The spotlight ought to be given on the framework for effective working in the constant condition. The spotlight ought to be given on the information investigation and digging procedures utilized for giving information in the huge information condition The execution of ready administration framework with each hub is the risky region with the treatment of enormous information. Authorization of the information driven techniques The information perceivability related with the working framework Exemplification of the cryptographic methods Access control The approved and validated clients ought to be furnished with the open entryway of information for utilizing it. The utilization of confirmation convention is the significant worry of the large Data the executives framework. The accuracy of information ought to be contemplated for implementing the sharing of information. Approval and separating methodology utilized for input information at end focuses Approval and separating of end point information Checking of the security issues related with the constant administration framework The different sources utilized for gathering the information requires uncommon consideration of security The checking of legitimacy of the information is the significant security concern Provenance of information The utilization of metadata makes the multifaceted nature of information move in the huge information condition. Distinguishing proof of conditions is the basic situation for the administration of huge information The classification of the large information application is the mind boggling and basic area for dealing with Effect of the security issues: The effect of the security issues related with the enormous information the executives is recorded beneath: Security related with the equal programming dispersed structures Putting away of information on the non-social databases Logging systems utilized for information stockpiling In doing the approval and separating process with the end information the executives framework Checking systems utilized for ongoing framework Adaptability and security issues related with information examination and mining methods Requirement of the information driven capacity framework Access control utilized on overseeing granular information (Cloud security partnership, 2012) Reviewing and logging techniques utilized on granular information Provenance of the information the executives Proposed Security system for overseeing enormous information: The security of the large information can be made do with the execution of the proposed structure in the working educational plan of the association utilized for taking care of the enormous information (Yosepu, 2015). The security framework of the huge information relies upon five segments which are named underneath: The executives of the enormous information related with the undertaking ID and getting to of the huge information on request of the client Methods utilized for securing protection of information during sharing or information recovery Security methods utilized for organize taking care of Proposed framework for overseeing uprightness of the enormous information of the association These significant divisions are separated into sub modules for taking care of the enormous information safely over the web which can be characterized from the graph beneath: The administration of huge information security issues relies upon limiting unapproved getting to of information, responsibility, advancement of the harmony among exercises and system approach (Gahi, 2013). The spotlight ought to be given on getting to information from the focal database to conquer the chance of basic assault. The security ought to be given to the delicate information to accomplish the trustworthiness between the related information. The information redaction is equipped for giving outside level information security. The time the board procedures ought to be utilized for bringing the information from the focal database. The procedure of tokenization is utilized for getting to information administrations from the system. Completely homo-morphic encryption is the most recommendable answer for the smooth working of enormous information accessible on the cloud arrange. The unscrambling techniques are followed at the recipient end to acquire the plain content. The reliabl e information ought to be put away on the system. The moral thought ought to be offered inclination to store the information over the system (Singh, 2016). The entrance controls ought to be accommodated getting the information in the approved way. The limitation ought to be given on getting to the data from the cloud organize. The put away information on the system ought to be had with authorisation methods to intermittently playing out the evaluating of the security strategies. The validation conventions ought to be utilized for getting to the data from the focal database. The affectability of the data ought to be kept secret with the utilization of encryption and cryptographic methodology. The correspondence techniques ought to be utilized for guaranteeing the affectability and trustworthiness of the large information of the venture. The danger knowledge ought to be utilized for checking the security techniques fo

Ethical use of information Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Moral utilization of data - Essay Example Exploitative acts can be dictated by the AMA’s Code of Medical Ethics. In addition, one can decide a unique concern identified with a specific issue (Al-Fedaghi, 2012). Subsequent to discovering that the untrustworthy lead has happened, one may need to move toward the professional and discussion about the worries. Consideration ought to be centered around the conceivable negative effect on the patient and the uprightness of training. Reports could likewise be made to the organization, or more significant position authority with respect to how the issue. Additionally, organizations ought to build up channels for revealing taking care of exploitative practice inside the establishment. All medical attendants should help with distinguishing untrustworthy practices that could hurt a patient’s prosperity. Announcing ought to be founded on exact realities and not just feeling. Regardless of the way that revealing may put a medical caretaker in danger, it ought not take out commitment to address untrustworthy practice that influence persistent wellbeing (Goodman, et al., 2011). Goodman, K. W., Berner, E. S., Dente, M. A., Kaplan, B., Koppel, R., Rucker, D., . . . Winkelstein, P. (2011). Difficulties in morals, security, best practices, and oversight in regards to HIT merchants, their clients and patients: a report of an AMIA unique team. Diary of the American Medical Informatics Association,

Suburbia: Inappropriate Growing Environment :: Suburbs Education Learning Essays

The suburbs: Inappropriate Growing Environment There's an explanation people go to class in their childhood as opposed to after they get more seasoned. This is on the grounds that the youth years are the ones during which the potential for learning is the best. Adolescents' receptive personalities experience far less difficulty getting significant ideas like arithmetic and language than do grown-ups'- - actually, youthful personalities appear to be in many cases to adapt naturally or incidentally. It makes sense, along these lines, that grown-ups should exploit that naïveté to instruct the pioneers of things to come in regions, for example, workmanship, essential economy, and relational conduct while their odds of learning are still so incredible. In a world and a period where the mission to turn into a practical and beneficial citizen is such a troublesome one thus once in a while finished, one can't resist feeling that it's totally basic that those responsible for raising the cutting edge guarantee that they do as such under the most ideal conditions: that is, in a living situation helpful for scholarly and passionate test and development. Be that as it may, such is obviously not generally the situation. As a spot to create and develop, one of the most noticeably terrible regions in America- - and conceivably the most misconstrued - is the suburbs. A huge no man's land of spruced up void, the run of the mill rural town guarantees an idyll it would never really plan to convey. An endeavor at bargain between the nation and the city, it rather joins the most exceedingly awful parts of both. What's more, as we will see, kids who experience childhood in this chasm will locate their public activities continually missing and their social needs once in a while met. The reasons for these deficiencies of the rural town are solidly established in its topographical and political structure, just as in the mentalities of numerous rural grown-ups. Geology Suburbia speak to the triumph of availability over nearness, composes Harlan Paul Douglass in his 1920s book The Suburban Trend (187). Douglass is writing to guard his home- - in his own words, an apologia for rural life- - yet he shows up tragically uninformed of the evil truth to his announcement (v). Without a doubt, some similarity to aimless availability is a reality in suburbia - for individuals of means. In other words, individuals who can drive, or who live close to open transportation courses. Youngsters tend not to fall into both of these classifications. From one viewpoint, most are too youthful to even think about getting driver’s licenses or too poor to even consider paying for a vehicle and collision protection. On the other, even the individuals who live inside strolling separation of mass travel frameworks may discover its cost restrictive, or, more than likely their folks may deny them to utilize it inspired by a paranoid fear of what sort of individuals they' ll meet.

Its Springtime at SIPA (and Columbia)! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

It’s Springtime at SIPA (and Columbia)! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following was prepared by SIPA student Joshua Huneycutt, a second year MIA student concentrating in Energy and Environmental Policy. _________________ To accompany the lengthening days and shedding of layers that takes place in Morningside Heights around this time of year, the SIPA and Columbia communities stage a number of fun events to coax students out of their study caves (i.e. Lehman Library)and into the spring air. (Weird Flowering Branch Tree on Columbia Campus) On SIPA’s home turf, the spring fun typically kicks off with the annual SIPA BBQ.   This year‘s “Business Cards and BBQ” theme encourages SIPA students to get to know each other better via SIPA students’ favorite pastime â€" networking! Here, kegs of beer and grilled meats (and veggie burgers) kick off the season of sitting in SIPA’s terrace in the sun, and continuing the fun, and postponing the pain of tackling term papers and exams, SIPA stages its premiere entertainment event â€" Follies â€" the following day. An age-old tradition, this variety show parodies the school’s quirks and foibles through musical numbers, songs, skits, and [plenty of videos (link: http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=sipa+folliesaq=f).   And if this wasn’t enough keep SIPA students going, the annual SIPA Gala (or SIPA Prom as it’s commonly known) takes place the following week, typically in a stunning venue with a top-shelf open bar to fuel the dancefloor. If you’re burnt out on SIPA events, there are plenty of other things happening on campus.       This year’s annual “Bacchanal” party on Columbia’s main quad will feature none other than Wu-Tang’s own Ghostface Killah and psych popsters Of Montreal.   The following day, Barnard College’s radio hosts a more indie and metal-oriented day of free music and food, the WBAR-B-Q (link: http://www.wbar.org/).   The dark synth-pop stylings of Cold Cave and brutal black metal of the Columbia alum-led Liturgy surely warrant a visit by Columbia and NYC music lovers alike. (Vampire Weekend performs at Bacchanal 2009) So while you might not be in the area for this year’s SIPA spring, rest assured that if you end up spending two years in these hallowed halls, the typical drudgery of exam season can end up being, well, kind of fun.

Code of Ethics and Values Essay - 275 Words

Code of Ethics and Values (Essay Sample) Content: Code of Ethics and ValuesStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Institutional affiliations:CODES OF ETHICS AND VALUESIntroductionEthics is a customary of moral standards held by an individuals or group. Ethical performance entails of universal values highlighting our guidelines of behavior. Values are the honorable principles or acknowledged standards of a person or group. Personal values ethics conflict with the code of ethics mostly in the area of work of our philosophies and values. While we emphasize on our beliefs and values in our work setting, we need to be conscious of individual values and how they might influence our work as they narrowly connected to ethics.Labors are in the association of faith with their clients and frequently also with their families of clients. This significant affiliation can quickly spoil. Workers often face circumstances that encompass a battle between the essentials or behaviors of others and their proficient and personal values. This outcome to ethical dilemmas that are often circumstances where there is a rattle of values and you are obligatory to resolve which value is the most significant (Hepworth, P 67). As workers, our individual values can battle with the morals of our profession or with the standards of our clients. When confronted with an ethical dilemma we can feel disordered and uncertain how to respond.In summation, ethical decision- making model outlines means that are employed to resolve the conflict between ethics and values. Primarily you need to gaze at the dilemma and collect as much evidence as you can to elucidate the problem. For example, one is theoretical to reflect if there are any legal features to the subject or if the state can be distinct as an ethical dilemma (Chang, P 23). Once you have a reliable ...

Gender and Human Sexuality - 1375 Words

Gender and human sexuality has major importance in lives. This can determine whether a person is healthy or not; not only physically but mentally as well. Also, having a certain gender can change the way feelings are obtain their own character. It is about finding yourself within the gender given and personal human sexuality. Gender can determine actions made by either a male or female called it gender norms. The human sexuality could be defined as thoughts, fantasies, morals, relationship, and attitudes. This must be handled with care because every actions has its consequences affecting psychologically, social, economically, and cultural morals/values. Both gender and human sexuality may differ even the education, cultural, family values and morals, or religion beliefs. In the following information, these topics will discussed: studying human sexuality, sex and gender, sexual behavior, sex rights, gender and human sexuality history, sex problems and diseases, and psychology engages. One of the first questions that most individuals ask after a baby is delivered is whether the child is a male or female. What would life be seen as if there were no divisions according to maleness or femaleness? Could that determine a person’s career plans or relationships? The previous questions reflect the importance of sex and gender in lives. (Huffman, 2012.) Gender expression refers to all of the external characteristics and behaviors that are socially defined as either masculine orShow MoreRelatedEssay on Human Sexuality and Gender Differences1081 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Sexuality and Gender Differences The following research is a study of gender differences in selecting romantic partners. The goal of the study was to determine if males and females place different values on characteristics of the opposite sex, while selecting a romantic partner. To research this situation, surveys were distributed at random to both males and females. The survey asked these people to rank features they felt influenced their decision in selecting romantic partners. ThroughRead MoreThe Nature And Nurture Of The Human Sexuality932 Words   |  4 Pagesand nurture of the human Sexuality has been a debate argued among scientists and philosophers. It is believed that human sexuality is the key to reproduction and survival. This debate is concerned with the extent to which particular aspects of behaviour reflects the influence of genetically arranged maturity or wether it comes from learning and experience. This essay will explain to what extent human sexuality is the result of nature or nurture, it w ill also relate sexuality to the BiopsychosocialRead MoreDismantling Binaries: Bisexuality947 Words   |  4 Pagesrespect to sex, gender and sexuality. In the society, these boxes and their limits rest on a multiplicity of assumptions. The first supposition is that there are two sex’s genders, and sexualities. Everyone is male or a female, feminine or masculine, heterosexual or homosexual but no one can be both. This supposition of sex believes the truth of substantial difference in how persons actually do gender but yet people carry on to believe that there are just two equally elite gender groups into whichRead MoreThe Search For One’S Purpose And Identity In The World1421 Words   |  6 Pagesof people, such as race, gender, class, sexuality, etc.--exist to avoid social anxiety. The problem lies not just with the existence of stereotypes, but the seemingly blind consent to follow. To combat the invalid views of groups that today’s society use as a social crutch, authors, such as Gloria Naylor, Robert Max Johnson, Rosario Morales and others, attempt to expose the discrimination and stereotypes that target sexuality and gender. Sexuality and gender may appear as the same topic;Read MoreSummary Of Beyond Caring : The Demoralization Of Gender1051 Words   |  5 PagesIn her article, â€Å"Beyond Caring: The Demoralization of Gender†, Friedman states that the difference in moral reasoning between genders is because of the difference in primary moral forms of commitment which structure moral thought. According to Friedman, there are two types of primary moral commitments; the first is commitment to a particular person and the second is commitment to abstract principles, values, and rules. Commitment to a particular person involves focusing on one person, being responsiveRead MoreHuman Nature : Gender System Is Established On A Basis Of Our Own Standards875 Words   |  4 PagesIn the U.S. the gender system is established on a basis of our own standards. â€Å"The paradox of human nature is that it is always a manifestation of cultural meanings, social relationships, and power politics; not biology, but culture, becomes destiny† (Lorber 117). We do not picture males and females based on their genitalia, but rather the way that people express their gender identity. No matter someone’s personal identification, the greater society will â€Å"do gender† and categorize them anyway. TheRead MoreSocio-Cultural Influences On Sexuality. Socio-Cultural1156 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-Cultural Influences on Sexuality Socio-cultural influence plays a major role in sexual behaviors. It gives a better comprehension on why men are men and women are women. These socio-cultural are influenced by physical, emotional, cultural and economic aspects. Time and time again research has proven that socio-cultural influences have a significant role in human sexuality. Culture is the manner of life of the people. Thus, culture shapes the ideas of what behaviors are acceptable for men andRead MoreSexuality As A Social Construct1486 Words   |  6 PagesHannah St. Lifer Sexuality as a Social Construct Heternormativity is the idea that there exist two distinctive classifications of the genders, males and females, with customary roles in society. The idea asserts that heterosexuality is the only normal sexual orientation of people and that all sexual and marital relations must abide by this norm. Society has adopted this belief and constructed it into a standard of life. It is normal for people to automatically presume that most other people are heterosexualRead MoreSex, Gender, And Sexuality1490 Words   |  6 PagesSex, gender, and sexuality are words that are constantly are been not understood properly and also misused by societies. But scholars through research and history have come up with basic ways to distinguish what each term means. Starting with the term sex, sex is known as a biological structure of a person (Renzetti 2). There also is another way that sex defined, some believe that the definition of is the meaning the society and each individual gave it, â€Å"or the v arious ways we express our sexualRead MoreBiological Factors That Affect Sexual Behavior967 Words   |  4 Pagesone of the most important drives during our lives as humans. While animals partake in sex for the sake of reproduction, human beings engage in sexual activities for more complex reasons than simply procreation. Sexuality, then, is the way that we experience and express ourselves as human beings. The development of a person’s sexuality is influenced by a number of factors including a person’s biological sex, their sexual orientation, their gender identity and roles, and the relationship between all

How to Improve Your French Reading Comprehension

We Must Change What We Eat - 974 Words

We need to change what we eat. This conclusion came about due to the increased heath concerns, and financial stress caused by our current eating habits. In America diabetes along with obesity is at an all-time high. From 2010-2012 diabetes has increased in the American population by 1.3 Million. Also even though our cost of eating is much higher than it was has to be, we refuse to change what we eat. Eating out less is one way that we can change what we eat. Eating out on average costs more than eating out. According to Jane Dornbusch with the Boston Globe â€Å"The at-home meal prepared for two came to $11.84 per person. The meal per person at the Outback: $23.84.† This was comparing steak dinners with a side of soup. With eating out being more than twice the cost of eating at home, one can conclude that eating out too often can cause unnecessary economic stress on the consumer. Even if you consider this substantial price difference as a tolerable burden, the health concerns that come with eating out are undeniable. The outlaw ribeye, which is the steak on long horn’s menu that was price, was over 1500 calories when ordered with the standard butter topping. Compared to the 847 calories that are in your organic fed ribeye available at a local market, you can see how substituting the restaurant meal with a home cooked meal could greatly decrease your daily calorie intake. Harvard has done a study finding that two out of every three American’s are overweight and cutting down onShow MoreRelated Losing Weight the Correct Way Essay examples738 Words   |  3 Pagesfactors, such as lack of nutrition in food and having a slothful lifestyle. Also, as people pursue other interests, such as careers and family life, they ignore keeping themselves healthy and fit. To maintain health and life span, one must exercise, eat moderately, and eat foods that have nutritional value. If one follows this plan, one can successfully lose weight and be healthy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Exercise and having an active lifestyle is an important component to maintain in order to lose weight. Some peopleRead MoreLife is like a Menu962 Words   |  4 Pagescard. We get what we order. Whenever we go to a restaurant, we order meals of our preference and avoid what we dislike and so relish the meal. Life is the same. If we choose what we like to do, we will enjoy our life . Sometimes we may be influenced by others and may order things on the recommendation of others but are not really happy with what we get. Life has advisors at each and every stage . Advice being free is most of times unsolicited. But we must be prudent and only accept what is goodRead MoreWomen s Rights And Equality1135 Words   |  5 Pages In an ideal world, every single person lives according to their own choices. Oh, wait a second, we do live in a country with laws ensuring this. The laws allowing each American’s freedom to choose does not include the exact definition of gender roles because each person should be free to choose. The definition of equality inquires that all genders have the same rights and opportunities. According to law women are able to work, talk, dress, act, and express freely in society. The 1st amendment reassuresRead MoreEating Animals, by Jonathan Safran Foer Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book Eating Animals by Jonathan Safran Foer, the author talks about, not only vegetarianism, but reveals to us what actually occurs in the factory farming system. The issue circulating in this book is whether to eat meat or not to eat meat. Foer, however, never tries to convert his reader to become vegetarians but rather to inform them with information so they can respond with better judgment. Eating meat has been a thing that majority of us engage in without question. Which is why among otherRead MoreThe Importance Of Unhealthy Food1686 Words   |  7 Pagesof food to change. I am almost certain, Americans never stop and consider how the food has been processed, what ingredients it contains, etc. Why do we let corporations hide the truth about our what we take into our bodies? Is a question, we Americans should be seeking the answer too. Food is one of the necessities to survive, thus its vital to know what role unhealthy food plays in our body. There are various unhealthy ways that Americans interact with food. As crazy as it sounds, we do not haveRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Nutritional Diet?884 Words   |  4 Pages You are what you eat. We’ve all heard that expression countless times from parents and teachers who encourage us to eat healthy. The types of food you eat is just one way you’re affected by it. The way food is produced, processed, and distributed has an enormous impact not only on the quality and variety of food you eat, but also on the environment and the health of people involved in every aspect of what we call our food system. The food system that we fallow carries many affects uponRead MoreHealth Issues Of A Healthy Lifestyle Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthey consume their food. We are taking our food and health for granted. Nevertheless, some of us are taking seriously in the way they consume their food. Beauty is the new trend to keep ourselves in eye of society. People are wil ling to risk their health to keep themselves in a good shape. Skipping meals eat less food; we are torturing ourselves to look in the pink of health. Diet is the term we use to define that we are eating less and ignoring our body needs. We should change our society mind setsRead MoreHow Being Moral Include Animals1261 Words   |  6 Pagesdoubt that food is a very essential source of energy to the human body, but certain types of food are immensely controversial, such as meat. There are many perspectives for eating food: one states that everyone should be vegan- someone who does not eat any animal products like meat for certain reasons that might be righteous or even health and religious reasons in order for animals, especially cattle, to live life they deserve. Another point of view is that some people believe that eating meat andRead MoreThe Ethics Of Eating Meat Essay1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ethics of Eating Meat We are a nation of meat eaters. We are socialized from a young age to consume high levels of animal products. This deeply ingrained meat-eating tradition is a big part of the American standard diet. A visit to the local grocery store shows that there is no shortage of animal products. Isle by isle you see a plethora of meats, neatly packed and ready to be cooked, dairy products neatly shelved, and even candies that contain animal by-products. This is an omnivore’s utopiaRead MoreMarket1464 Words   |  6 Pagesdo something when the marginal benefits lt; marginal costs of doing it. It can be easy wrongly conclude that marginal cost and total cost of the teams should always move in the same direction. That is, it total cost is rising, the marginal cost must be falling as well. To maximize the profit using marginal revenue and marginal cost, you focus on the contribution one additional unit of output makes the revenue relative to its contribution to the cost. DISCUSSION 3 WEEK 3 ECO I agree U.S

Legalizing Recreational Drugs Within the United States Essay

A recreational drug is defined as any controlled substance used to alter ones mind state or for non-medical purposes, without the permission or supervision of a physician (Recreational Drug). Recreational drugs include both illegal and legal substances, some of which are extremely prevalent in the United States. The most popular recreational drug in the world is caffeine. Nearly, 80 - 90% of adult Americans consume caffeine every day (Caffeine addiction). Other popular recreational drugs include nicotine (found in cigarettes), alcohol (found in beer, cocktails, wine, etc.), and cannabis (a.k.a. marijuana or weed) (Recreational Drug Use). These three drugs are found throughout the world and are used by a wide variety of cultures. Some†¦show more content†¦(History of Alcoholic Beverages). Alcohol can be found at bars, liquor stores, gas stations and supermarkets for sale to anyone 21 years or older. Alcohol was not always legalized; from 1920 to 1933 there was a prohibition of alcohol, outlawing all alcohol consumption within the United States (Prohibition). Initially, alcohol generally produces feelings of relaxation, euphoria and general cheerfulness, but further consumption can lead to blurred vision and coordination problems. Large amounts of alcohol consumption can lead to loss of consciousness, vomiting, diarrhea, anger, aggressiveness, sadness, depression, alcohol poisoning, and eventually even death (Short-Term Effects). Both nicotine and alcohol are highly addictive but are still legal within the United States. Cannabis also known as marijuana, weed, pot, dope, hash and a variety of other names is derived from Cannabis Indica or Cannabis Sativa. According to the United Nations, cannabis is the most widely used illicit substance in the world (Cannabis Drug). Cannabis originated in Central Asia where it was believed to be discovered in the 3rd millenium B.C. The first culture to discover cannabis smoking properties were the Aryans who used the drug for religious ceremonies. Cannabis is the fourth most frequently used recreational drug in the world and the most popular illegal recreational drug in the United States. Cannabis isShow MoreRelatedEssay on Legalizing Recreational Marijuana in the United States1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of legalizing recreational marijuana in the United States has been a very controversial one. States such as Colorado and Washington have gone on the offensive and have legalized recreational marijuana and have enjoyed the high revenues brought in from cannabis sale. On the other hand other states have kept low profiles because they are wary of the possible negative outcomes of legalizing recreational marijuana and are using the states of Colorado and Washington as guineaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drug that I am talking about is marijuanaRead MoreEssay about Should Marijuana be Legalized?968 Words   |  4 Pagesmarijuana be legalized for recreational or medical use? This is a debate that has been happening for quite some time and this is not just a debate that is happening among people. There are many that have taken sides including medical personal and government officials. Currently in the United States there are two states in which recreational use of marijuana is legal; Colorado and Washington. There are three states currently that have pending legislation to legalize recreational use; California, MaineRead MoreEssay about Should Marijuana Be Legalized in the United States?1569 Words   |  7 PagesThe topic of legalizing recreational marijuana in the United States has been a very controversial one. States such as Colorado and Washington have gone on the offensive and have legalized recreational marijuana and have enjoyed the high revenues brought in from cannabis sale. On the other hand other states have kept low profiles because they are wary of the possible negative outcomes of legalizing recreational marijuana and are using the states of Colorado an d Washington as guinea pigs to see whatRead MorePersuasive Essay On Legalizing Marijuana1746 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Can you imagine being just six-years-old and suffering from over three hundred violent seizures a week? From birth, Charlotte Figi suffered from a rare form of epilepsy, which caused these seizures. After trying everything to help Charlotte, her parents finally decided to try medical marijuana, and it worked! Charlotte still had seizures, but now, she had maybe two or three seizures a month instead of three hundred a week. Charlotte’s story and many similar stories, alongRead MoreIt Is Time to Legalize Marijana1700 Words   |  7 Pagesup, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against th e law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drug that I am talking about is marijuanaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1638 Words   |  7 PagesLegalized in the United States In 1920 when alcohol prohibition began the war against cannabis had been going strong for a decade. In 1910 the Mexican Revolution created a surplus of Mexican immigrants in the United States; American citizens were frightened by the Mexican culture, including their recreational use of cannabis (Marijuana Legalization, 2015, para 7). Politicians continued to use fear and racism to grow disapproval and hatred of cannabis. Beginning in 1915 twenty-nine states passed theRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana1528 Words   |  7 PagesMartin, II Saint Leo University Author Note This paper was prepared for Drugs, Society, and Human Behavior CRM 328, taught by Dr. Pappas. Abstract With exception to the debate surrounding the Affordable Health Care Act and the attacks on the United States Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, public policy regarding legalization of recreational and medical marijuana has reached a boiling point in most state legislatures. However, possession and use of marijuana is still viewed by many asRead MoreMarijuan The Pseudo Gate Way Drug924 Words   |  4 PagesPseudo Gate way Drug My thesis states that the federal government of United States of America should legalize marijuana. Legalizing would not only benefit the people of need for medical uses but also our economy for recreational use. In the year of 2014 the state of Colorado was the one of the first few states to legalize the use of recreational marijuana. Colorado retailers sold $386 million of medical marijuana and $313 million for purely recreational purposes (Ingraham). Within one year of theRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagesof the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidence show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the persons abusing this drug. There have

Don’t Complain Free Essays

Often heard people complain why my face is not beautiful, why the weather is so bad, why I live in such a poor family †¦ why should we complain about it? Just like what Maya Angelou said:†if you don’t like something, change it. If you can’t change it, change your attitude. Don’t complain. We will write a custom essay sample on Don’t Complain or any similar topic only for you Order Now † I remember I read an article about Helen Keller. The day she became blind and deaf she was only 18 months old! At the beginning she was really sad and very easy to get angry, but after a few weeks, she composed herself. She began to find her own path in life. Miss Sullivan began to teach Helen vocabularies and how to touch Braille; Helen had generated a great interest in knowledge. Ultimately, she was admitted to Harvard University with honors. She didn’t complain what she doesn’t have; she changed her attitude towards life and became successful. Another example, Hawking was a British  theoretical physicist, and author. He was suffering from Lou Gehrig’s disease and paralysis soon. After a few years, Hawking lost his ability of speaking also. Hawking was being detained in a wheelchair for 40 years; the disease has made his body completely deformed. Even so, Hawking has not given up, he was tenaciously survived. Despite his debilitating illness, he has done ground-breaking work in physics and cosmology and his several books strive to make science accessible to everyone. He didn’t have the ability to change his adversity, but he kept a good attitude and he didn’t complain; he became success. For those things that you can’t change, there is no need to complain, change your attitude might be a better option. You cannot change your appearances, why don’t you give it an indulgent smile; you cannot change the weather, why don’t you change your mood; attitude is everything! How to cite Don’t Complain, Essay examples

A Picture Of President Obama Essay Example For Students

A Picture Of President Obama Essay When close reading a visual text, there are many elements to consider when evaluating a photograph. I chose to closely analyze a picture of President Barack Obama not saluting to military officers when exiting a plane through the lense of a picture of a military personnel in combat. When looking at President Obama exiting the plane without salute, we can see how Obama’s face looks like he’s in too much of a hurry to salute military officers which most people don’t see. The elements symmetry, color, and perspective really help in analyzing the two photos in comparison to each other to come up with the overall conclusion that military officers deserve a salute from everyone in the country, especially President Obama, to give thanks for risking their lives to fight for our country. When looking at the president’s picture you can see the seriousness in the marine’s face, who is standing in beside the exit ramp of the plane, which shows how serious he ta kes his job. The symmetry of the photo of President Obama’s exit draws attention to the center of the photo to show both the faces of the president and the marine. When looking at the center of the photo, the person viewing the photo can see the rush in President Obama’s face and his body as his arms look like they are in the running position. The reader can see the president looking down and avoiding the presence of the military officers. The hurried rush in the president’s face proves that he seems to feel like he doesn’t have to give the marines the salute that they deserve. The image evokes a feeling of betrayal to the marine officers that the president who runs the country doesn’t feel like he owes the marines a worthy salute. The symmetry of the combat marine is centered which di. .sm and not only the Marine Corps, but every branch of the armed forces should be given respect and should know that they are appreciated by all of their fellow Americans and especially the President of the United States. The armed forces put their lives at risk every day and leave their lives and family to assure that us as Americans continue to live in a free country. President Barack Obama is supposed to be the symbol person of America and he knows how to salute an officer and should do it anytime when approaching or around an officer. Patriotism is what every American citizen should be full of considering the beautiful country we live in. Patriotism should be shown constantly every day through the United States of America and armed forces should be constantly recognized for all their hard work by other fellow Americans including the President of the United States.

Common Currency for Asian Countries-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Should ASEAN Countries adopt a Common Currency like Euro? Why do you think so? Answer: Introduction This report reflects the key understanding on the common Currency for ASEAN countries and whether ASEAN countries should be inclined towards adopting this common currency or not. With the ramified changes and economic growth of the international countries, ASEAN countries have faced various problems and economic destruction throughout the time. However, this report, has also reflected the issue which European countries have faced due to sluggish economic conditions of EU members and downfall of Euro currency throughout the time. There are several pros and cons of adopting the common currency which must be taken into consideration before considering whether there should be Common Currency for ASEAN countries or not. In this report, the impact of EURO crises and its impact on the other EU members and benefits arise from adopting same currency has been taken into consideration. Members of ASEAN countries There are several countries that have fallen under the ASEAN countries regional block named such asThailand,Vietnam,Indonesia,Malaysia,Philippines,Singapore,Myanmar (Burma),Cambodia,Laos,Brunei [1] The association of Southeast Asian Nations is the regional intergovernmental organization comprising with the ten Southeast Asian States which promotes all the facilities and economic growth of these countries Factors that affect the adoption of common currency for ASEAN countries After evaluating various factors and issues of the regional blocks that have adopted Common Currency for the betterment of their economic growth, it is considered that European countries have shown a good example for considering Common Currency for ASEAN countries. It is evaluated that all the EU members have been facing various issues and problems due to sluggish market conditions of one country members. Demonetization and decline of currency value due to the negative factor of one country member of EU has drastically affected the economic growth of other country member. One of the real problems that have been considered in Europe due to Common Currency adoption is related to divergence[2] This has shown that in EU regional blocks weaker countries Luxemburg Belgium have faced the drastic loss and has got weaker. On the other hand, strong economy of other country member of EU like Germany, Switzerland, Finland have stronger than others. This level of divergence is the most impacting factors for adopting Common Currency for ASEAN countries. Moreover, common currency for ASEAN countries also depends upon the internal and external factors of these ASEAN countries such as international policies, double taxation avoidance agreement, economic growth, GDP, national income and international trade associated with these countries [3] Impact of changing market policies and capital market of one country on other countries With the ramified changes of the capital market growth and other internal and external factors of these ASEAN countries, it is observed that stock market fluctuation and growth of the one economy is completely depends upon the import and export of the country [4] For instance, if the import and export of one country is reduce by a particular percentage then the impact of that decline in international trade will be seen by observing the downfall in the stock market. It is considered that growth of the economy of particular country is based on the positive balance of trade. For instance, in Switzerland, it has increased its positive balance of trade by 20% as compared to last five years data. In addition to this, Germany has also increased its overall economic growth and efficiency of business by 22% throughout the time. It has shown that if balance of trade is positive then it will not only increase the GDP of that country but also increase the currency value of that country on intern ational level. On the other hand, adoption of Common Currency for ASEAN countries will diminish these level of interlink between all of these factors. For instance, if all of these countries such as ASEAN countries regional block named such as Thailand,Vietnam,Indonesia,Malaysia,Philippines,Singapore,Myanmar (Burma),Cambodia,Laos,Brunei would go for adoption of Common Currency for ASEAN countries then these countries will be highly impacted by the international trade among their own regional blocks and will create divergence in their own economy. It will result to weaker countries of ASEAN group will become weaker and after that stronger economy such as Singapore and Thailand will become stronger. This level of mismanagement in these member countries will destruct the value of the regional blocks and will result to widespread difference in economic value. Achieving the object of two principles goal after adoption of Common Currency for ASEAN countries There are several positive and negative factors such as convergence, divergence, prosperity and growth of these countries [5]However, with the change in economic factors and increased international trade, if ASEAN countries adopt Common Currency for ASEAN members then it will destruct the value of currency of these countries on international level. These countries will have to go through the denomination process which will surely reduce the level of international trade and international policies created such as double taxation avoidance agreement, zero tariffs and trait policies and other agreements. Another issue is related to the one of the renowned example Grease economic disaster which has affected the other EU member and denomination of euro on international level. This has shown the clear example whether ASEAN countries should go for adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members[6] Constraints on the adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members The main problem which ASEAN countries will face is related to sustaining the common currency for these ASEAN members on long run. Sustaining the common currency may be even more difficult for these countries than adopting it. However, there are main four constraints which will be surely faced by these countries such as diversity in level of economic growth, weakness in financial market, reduction of the value of the currency and lack of political understanding and corporation on monetary outcomes and common currency value. For instance, most of the import and export of these countries is done between them. If these countries will have common currency value on their particular national level then on the international level, value of these currencies will be reduced. Foreign exchange currency is the main factors to create value on the currency amount. If these ASEAN countries will have common currency then they will end up by having no foreign exchange currency and they will end up by paying more money for importing required amount of goods and services[7] Globally perspective for adopting common currency for all of these ASEAN members It is considered that issue of cost and benefits while adopting common currency for all of these ASEAN members should be gauged through the global perspective. However, the main benefit of adopting common currency for all of these ASEAN members is related to balance economic trade and zero tariff rates among all of these countries. This level of policies and plan will increase the GDP and international trade rate among these countries. On the other hand, the main cost which all of these countries would be facing is related to divergence due to denomination of currency value on the international level. If ASEAN countries fail to collect foreign funds then it will not only reduce the currency value on international level but also increase the cost of international trade. This level of business and policies and understanding on the cost associated with the ASEAN countries could be observed by evaluating the US international policies and currency value [8] Positive factor while adopting common currency for ASIANE country In ASEAN summit, it was suggested in 2011 that one day one day ASIAN countries could might even take over the role of US dollar and Euro value on the international market. It is considered that portents of ASIAN monetary integration points to growth in the international trade as pre-condition for the future financial growth and integration of these countries [9] However adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members will also increase the efficiency of these members country value and fiscal policies. For instance, fiscal policies of these countries will showcase the common economic growth and efficient international market growth of these countries. The EURO problems and downfall of their international growth is also the prominent factor to consider whether adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members should be done or not. Nonetheless, ASEAN countries could take chance for adopting common currency but for that it has to reform new polices and measures to ma ke betterment in their international trade and value growth of their ASEAN currency[10] Secondly, adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members will also be more defensive rather than offensive on international level. However, EURO financial crises and down fall of international trade has triggered the international integration of these ASEAN countries to create shield against all the negative factors and international reforms in determined approach[11] Other associated factors for adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members. The EURO financial crises have shown that common currency adoption will create stronger shield against sluggish international market condition and negative economic growth. It may result to increased divergence between all of these countries and create differences between for all of these members that will destruct the international trade. Adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members will strengthen the policies and measure of fiscal and international trade agreements[12] However, ASEAN countries should be more inclined towards adopting economic integration than looking for adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members. [13] Considering factors After evaluating the US economic policies and EURO crises, it is considered that ASEAN countries should be more inclined towards adopting economic integration than looking for adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members. This level of international fiscal policies and governance integration will enhance the positive balance of trade and reduce the import and export tariff and traits in all of these countries. In addition to this, it will also help ASEAN countries to create shield against international financial crises at large. Conclusion After evaluating and considering all of these factors and international policies, it is observed that if ASEAN countries could integrate economic policies and common governance policies then it increase the overall economic growth of these countries. The main important outcomes of taking all of these countries for the economic integration will be related to creating shield against all the financial crises and negative outcomes of international policies. If ASEAN countries are looking for adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members then it will result to several negative outcomes and will result to demonitisation of these country money values on international level. It is considered that value of the money of particular country is completely based on the foreign exchange rate and funds reserved by these countries. If these countries will indulged in adoption of common currency for all of these ASEAN members then other countries may protest against these countries by not entering into international transactions or creating international barrios for these countries international economic growth. References Acharya, Amitav.Constructing a security community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the problem of regional order. Routledge, 2014. Alvarado, Sylvia. "Analysis of the optimum currency area for ASEAN and ASEAN+ 3."Journal of US-China Public Administration11, no. 12 (2014): 995-1004. Alvarado, Sylvia. "Analysis of the optimum currency area for ASEAN and ASEAN+ 3."Journal of US-China Public Administration11, no. 12 (2014): 995-1004. Biondi, S. I. M. A. "Can the ASEAN Regional Integration Lead to A Single Currency in Southeast Asia?."WANUA: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional1, no. 2 (2016). Chao, Roger Y. "Pathways to an East Asian Higher Education Area: a comparative analysis of East Asian and European regionalization processes."Higher Education68, no. 4 (2014): 559-575. Dent, Christopher M.East Asian Regionalism. Routledge, 2016. Do, Hung Quang, M. Ishaq Bhatti, and Lszl Konya. "On ASEAN capital market and industry integration: a review."Corporate Ownership and Control Journal2, no. 1 (2016): 8-23. Eichengreen, Barry, and Tamim Bayoumi. "Is Asia an optimum currency area? Can it become one? Regional, global and historical perspectives on Asian monetary relations."Center for International and Development Economics Research(1996). Madhur, Srinivasa. "12. Costs and benefits of a common currency for the ASEAN."East Asia's Monetary Future: Integration in the Global Economy(2004): 231. Mink, Mark. "Measuring stock market contagion: Local or common currency returns?."Emerging Markets Review22 (2015): 18-24. Thao, Ngo Nhat Ha Ly Thu. "A cluster-based approach for identifying ASEAN 5+ 3 Possibility of forming a common currency." (2014). Aziz, Jahangir, Francesco Caramazza, and Ranil Salgado. "Currency crises: in search of common elements." (2000). Cabanac, Michel. "Pleasure: the common currency."Journal of theoretical Biology155, no. 2 (2012): 173-200. Chow, Hwee Kwan, and Yoonbai Kim. "A common currency peg in East Asia? Perspectives from Western Europe."Journal of Macroeconomics25, no. 3 (2003): 331-350. Cabanac, Michel. "Pleasure: the common currency."Journal of theoretical Biology155, no. 2 (2012): 173-200. Chow, Hwee Kwan, and Yoonbai Kim. "A common currency peg in East Asia? Perspectives from Western Europe."Journal of Macroeconomics25, no. 3 (2003): 331-350. Aziz, Jahangir, Francesco Caramazza, and Ranil Salgado. "Currency crises: in search of common elements." (2000). Thao, Ngo Nhat Ha Ly Thu. "A cluster-based approach for identifying ASEAN 5+ 3 Possibility of forming a common currency." (2014). Mink, Mark. "Measuring stock market contagion: Local or common currency returns?."Emerging Markets Review22 (2015): 18-24. Madhur, Srinivasa. "12. Costs and benefits of a common currency for the ASEAN."East Asia's Monetary Future: Integration in the Global Economy(2004): 231. Eichengreen, Barry, and Tamim Bayoumi. "Is Asia an optimum currency area? Can it become one? Regional, global and historical perspectives on Asian monetary relations."Center for International and Development Economics Research(1996). Do, Hung Quang, M. Ishaq Bhatti, and Lszl Konya. "On ASEAN capital market and industry integration: a review."Corporate Ownership and Control Journal2, no. 1 (2016): 8-23. Dent, Christopher M.East Asian Regionalism. Routledge, 2016. Biondi, S. I. M. A. "Can the ASEAN Regional Integration Lead to A Single Currency in Southeast Asia?."WANUA: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional1, no. 2 (2016). Chao, Roger Y. "Pathways to an East Asian Higher Education Area: a comparative analysis of East Asian and European regionalization processes."Higher Education68, no. 4 (2014): 559-575. Alvarado, Sylvia. "Analysis of the optimum currency area for ASEAN and ASEAN+ 3."Journal of US-China Public Administration11, no. 12 (2014): 995-1004 Acharya, Amitav.Constructing a security community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the problem of regional order. Routledge, 201 Thao, Ngo Nhat Ha Ly Thu. "A cluster-based approach for identifying ASEAN 5+ 3 Possibility of forming a common currency." (2014).

Spanish Civil War Essay Research Paper Referring free essay sample

Spanish Civil War Essay, Research Paper Mentioning to the Spanish Civil War With mention to any civil war in the twentieth century examine the societal, economic and political background to the divisions in the society involved. To what extent were the jobs which caused the war resolved in the post-war period? The province of Spain during the early old ages of the twentieth century can be said to hold been a province of great # 8220 ; unease # 8221 ; . Spain was one of the first powers to free her imperial influence, the province was politically unstable, industrially weak and had suffered some mortifying lickings. It can be said that these were the chief causes that lead to the great instability of Spain during the Civil war and station civil war periods. Left-winged radicalism and chauvinistic motions, such as the Catalan motion often came into struggle with the cardinal authorities, which lead the authorities to utilize corruptness more and more often as a signifier of control. We will write a custom essay sample on Spanish Civil War Essay Research Paper Referring or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The consequence was a military putsch in 1923 lead by Miguel Primo de Rivera. Rivera preferred a more direct manner of regulating, with a strong Christian base and a really anti-communist attitude. He did non like party political relations, preferring to regulate pragmatically, at first with a military cabinet, but subsequently on ( 1926 ) he decided a systematic authorities would be more efficient. So he introduced the `National Assembly # 8217 ; intended to stand for different categories and groups, likely to soften the resistance ; every bit good as the Union Patriotica, created to mobilise popular support for his government. Rivera besides managed to beef up the Spanish infra-structure, but the support had to come from loans from other states, because the upper categories would non accept a inspection and repair in the revenue enhancement system. He besides managed to promote industrial growing, which did work to a certain extent because of many internal jobs, and the large dep ression. These fiscal and political, every bit good as societal troubles led his government to stop in 1930 because it was unable to halt the onslaughts from the left, every bit good as onslaughts from the loath military ( who did non like his thoughts of officer minimalisation ) . The following elections were won by the republicans, led by Azana, without excessively much trouble. The Republic lasted 8 old ages before another military putsch, led by general Franco, took over the authorities. The Republic tried to put out major reforms, meaning to reconstitute the whole of Spain. The eight-hour on the job twenty-four hours was set up, every bit good as a decrease of officers in the armed forces ( by the signifier of early retirement ) . Voting rights were given to people at the age of 23, the aristocracy was abolished and, terrible steps were taken against the Church, particularly spiritual instruction ( considered, in a manner, a signifier of propaganda ) . The part of Catalonia was given some autonomous privileges, like the control of it # 8217 ; s ain constabulary. The job was that these reforms seemed to be excessively s evere to the right-winged opposition and the privileged classes. So in 1933, Azana’s government fell after being defeated by the general elections. The new government was actually a series of coalitions which set out to undo all the reforms produced by the former republican government. This lead to conflicts between what now could be called the two main â€Å"fronts†. These two camps were the Popular Front (consisting of Communists, Socialist, Anarchists, etc.), and the National Front (consisting of right-winged parties and other conservative institutions, such as the Church and the Falange). These parties fought for the next elections after the former coalition government dissolved. The Popular Front won these elections, and so once again, Azana came into power. He tried, once again, to set out all his previous reforms. He also exiled Franco, who was considered the greatest threat to the new government. The problem with the new government though, was that it was (in the eyes of the opposition) drifting too far into communism. The National Front could not stand it any longer, so a military coup was hatched, lead by Franco to overthrough the government. This plan was set up so that two main forces, one coming from the north, and the other from the south would eventually converge and snuff out the Republic. The National Front eventually won the civil war, not only because it had financial and military support from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, but also because the Popular Front had it’s own internal conflicts. Franco’s regime proved quite successful. He managed to overcome internal disputes and balance the different Nationalist groups; he left the question of monarchy open to the carlists and also favored and encouraged a more influential Church. Even though his government had a tough time during the 1940’s with regards to it’s status (problems becoming a member of the united nations), other nations saw Spain become, in their eyes, a more â€Å"softer nation†, this improved it’s foreign dealings, mainly because of the fact that the cold war had started. A great success was the 1953 Madrid Pact between Spain and the U.S.A, which provided Spain with quite a substantial amount of military and monetary aid in return for access to it’s military bases. This pact, as well as the better relations between Spain and the other powers and the great stability brought about because of the enormous repression that came with his regime, led Spain to booming years during the 1960’s. The Spanish people saw a better Spain, economically, but it was still in a very primitive state politically and socially compared to other european nations, who were not under military rule (with a few exceptions, of course). The end of the Franco regime left many scars in the social and political side of Spain. People had been submitted to a suppressive state, where very little regard for any basic human right was given._

Whats an Average ACT Writing Score

What's an Average ACT Writing Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's approximately one month after your ACT test date. You get your ACT score report and see your ACT Writing score. But what does that number actually mean? Did you do better than average? Worse? Exactly average? Learn what an average ACT Writing score is in this article. Feature image credit: meet average! by Maria Ly, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped and modified from original. What Is the ACT Writing Score Range? ACT Writing scoring differs from the other test sections in three important ways. Unlike your scores for English, Math, Reading, and Science, your ACT Writing score... is on a scale of 2-12, rather than 1-36. is optional. You can take the ACT with or without Writing. is not included when calculating your composite score. On your ACT score report, you'll see subscores in each of four domains (scored from 1-6). Because two graders score your essay, you'll receive a total score out of 12 in each domain. Your four domain scores are then averaged to get your total ACT Writing score, also out of 12. The four domains your essay is scored across are as follows: #1: Ideas and Analysis Do you discuss all three perspectives provided? What's your perspective on the topic? [How] Do you compare the perspectives to one another? #2: Development and Support Do you use logical reasoning or employ detailed examples to support and explain your ideas? #3: Organization Is your essay organized? Are ideas separated into their own paragraphs? Is your writing organized within each paragraph as well? #4: Language Use Do you use standard English written grammar? Are your sentences clear and varied in structure? Do you use appropriate vocabulary? For more about what goes into each domain score, read our article on the ACT Writing Rubric. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Tired of wasting time prepping in ways that don't work? We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. It's the best prep program available right now. Best of all, we guarantee your money back if you don't improve your score by 4 points or more. Check out our 5-day free trial today: Improve Your ACT Score by 4+ Points, Guaranteed What’s an Average ACT Writing Score? The average ACT Writing score is between 6/12 and 7/12 (based on the most recent data from ACT, Inc). The following table has a more detailed breakdown of Writing test percentiles: 2-12 Score (2018-2019) Cumulative Percent 2 2 3 4 4 12 5 24 6 47 7 65 8 88 9 95 10 99 11 99 12 100 Because your total ACT Writing score is the average of your four domain scores, the average domain scores (Ideas Analysis, Development Support, Organization, and Language Use) are also likely around 6/12 or 7/12, although ACT, Inc. doesn't provide specific information about the cumulative percentiles of the domain scores. How Much Does My Essay Score Matter? Does your essay score even matter? While there are many colleges that require or recommend ACT Writing scores, most don't give an ACT Writing score range they want to see. For students applying to humanities programs, colleges might consider the new English-Language Arts subscore, which combines scaled English, Reading, and Writing performance. At a few colleges (like the University of Montana), your ACT Writing score might be used for freshman writing class placement purposes. If that's the case for you, you might want your Writing score percentile to be close to (or higher than) your English and Reading score percentiles. In general, though, my best advice is to make sure your ACT Writing score percentile isn’t drastically (20 percentile points) lower than your other ACT section scores- that kind of discrepancy might raise a red flag for admissions staff. Otherwise, colleges just don't care that much about the ACT essay (especially compared to other parts of your application like your personal statement). What’s Next? Now that you know what an average ACT essay score is, what's a good essay score for you? Read our article on how to calculate your target ACT Writing score. What strategies can you use to make sure your ACT Writing score is better than average? Take a look at our full analysis of the ACT Writing scoring rubric. How long does your ACT essay need to be? Find out how essay length affects your score here. Confused about the domain scores? Get the inside story on ACT Writing scoring with our complete guide. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this ACT Writing lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get your ACT essays hand-graded by a master instructor who will give you customized feedback on how you can improve. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

ECL Operations in the Chinese Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ECL Operations in the Chinese Markets - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that ECL failed to resist the temptation of believing in the universality of its global management policies and instead of adapting its policies to the Chinese cultural norms and practices, decided in favor of implementing its standardized policies in its Chinese ventures and subsidiaries. The net result is that though the systems and policies put in place looked suitable and methodical, it is finding it challenging to motivate and retain its Chinese employees. A saner solution in this context requires ECL to inculcate a strong Chinese cultural aspect in its otherwise standardized and effective global management policies. The origins of the problems being faced by ECL could be conveniently located in the ‘Basic Values and Objectives’ segment of this case study. So far as the key goals and initiatives of ECL in China are concerned, they are fairly reasonable and acceptable in the sense that they adhere to universal business aspira tions like the achievement of overall excellence, financial success, and effective leadership. However, when one takes a cursory look at the belief system of the company, it is then that the real problem pops out. The key beliefs of the company that had a direct bearing on the human resource management policies of ECL in China are discernibly affiliated to the Golden Rule that is â€Å"Do unto others as you have them do unto you.† The company seems to have totally overlooked the fact that the notions of effective and ethical behavior and communication are always relative and could mean different things to people adhering to different cultures. The net result is that the systems, management policies, institutions, and philosophies introduced by ECL in China are disproportionately Americanized and unsuitable. The company is intuitively aware of this discrepancy and is finding it difficult to recruit and retain the competent employees in China.

Business Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Business Finance - Essay Example Union (EU) and creation of bodies such as South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SCCRC), North Atlantic Treaty Organizations (NATO) and Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) are all examples of such regionalization. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is also one of these organizations which have been developed to promote the interests of the whole Southeast Asia. Being a fast growing economic bloc, observers pay a special attention towards its financial worth now and in future. Here we would focus on financial implications of ASEAN being our research question, vis-Ã  -vis other blocs and in global economy as a whole. Our research method would be primarily comparative and analytical and will be based on available historical data, both in print and electronic media, as primary research does not suit the purpose. We will also deliberate upon the individual contribution of member states wherever seems necessary. ASEAN was founded on August 8, 1967. Initially, it had five member countries namely Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines and Singapore. Since then, five more countries have joined ASEAN namely Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Vietnam, Burma and Laos making it a vibrant regional organization with ten members. Together these nations look to strengthen their political, economic, social and cultural development. With the passage of time ASEAN has provided even bigger platforms for nations of the region to sit together. One of them is ASEAN plus three where three economic giants of East Asia i.e. China, South Korea and Japan also attend the meetings to further the cause of regional development. Similarly, the creation of East Asian Summit is another step towards such regional dialogue. East Asian Summit includes New Zealand, Australia and India in addition to the ASEAN plus three states making it a meeting point for 16 nation states. 5. To mutually work for the development of agricultural, industrial and trade related issues.

Should Parents Be Allowed To Choose Sex?

Should Parents Be Allowed To Choose Sex? Sex-selection is the attempt to achieve a desired sex by controlling the gender of the offspring. The selection can be accomplished through pre- and post-implantation of an embryo, as well as at birth. Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) and Microsort technique are two new technological methods used to achieve the embryonic sex selection. Prenatal sex discernment, a blood test to test the fetal DNA after the seventh week of pregnancy, is performed after implantation. Microsoft technique is the process where the sperm is sorted to increase the chance the egg is fertilized by a sperm which carrying the desired chromosome. A more precise and accurate, but also more expensive and invasive technique is PGD, a method where the embryos are created and analysed outside the female body or in test tubes before implanted into the females womb. The genetic disorders at the embryonic stage are screened using PGD. Unfortunately, many American clinics offer PGD as a way to choose their babys ge nder by implanting only the fertilized eggs of desired gender into the mothers uterus. Unfortunately, sex selection is illegal in most parts of the world. Several countries like Canada, Australia and also the United Kingdom all have banned the use of PGD for sex selection for nonmedical purposes. In other words, PGD is only justified if a couple has the family history including any sex-linked genetic disorder. Sex selection has raised a lot of arguments whether parents should allow to choose the gender of their future child or not. Before that, what is the factors causing gender selection? Most of the parents are hoping and praying for a baby of a particular gender. First, Male offspring is desired due to the cultural factors. There are a variety of factors causing males more economically and socially valuable than females. For example the property inheritance and the family name of the male heirs, and the workforce can contribute more to the income of once family.1 Women, on the other hand, require the expensive dowries and leave the family upon marriage which are unproductive investment. Since there are many arguments in gender selection, there also rise up the controversy regarding to the abortion or the female infanticide. Although sex-selective infanticide and sex-selective child abandonment is illegal in most parts of the world, they still exist in some countries. The development of ultrasound scanners which can use to determine the sex of unborn children in womb led to the sex-selective abortion, especially in China and India.2 Due to the cultural factors and also the single-child policy in the 1980s and 1990s, male is the only child that ensured or determined by most of the families. In 2000, 120 boys were born in every 100 Chinese girls. 3 Similarly in India, the illegal ultrasound scanning and also the sex selective abortion of female fetus are widespread.4 The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) study indicated that there are 112 boys for every 100 girls born in Albania, while the figures stand at 110 and 109 boys per 100 girls in Kosovo and Montenegro, respectively.5 Besides, the president of 1 Miller, B.D. (1997). The Endangered se: Neglect of female children in rural North India. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2 Greenhalgh, S. (2008). Just one child: Science and policy in Dengs China. University of California Press. 3 The Economist (2011, April 7). Add sugar and spice. 4 Lakshimi, R. (2013). Study: Sex-selective Practises May Be Common in Families of Indian Doctors. The Washington Post. 5 United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) the population Research Institute, Steve Mosher also provided some important information on sex-selection abortions in the United States through an article at National Review.6 Dr. Sunita Puri who wanted to find the reason on why many immigrant Indian women in the United States were so eager to know the gender of unborn children and went through abortion if they found out it was not the gender they wanted. Surprisingly, 89% of the women conceiving girls wanted for abortion and nearly half had aborted girls before.7 Sex selection has raised a lot of arguments whether parents should allow to choose the gender of their future child. Another root problem led to the famous gender selection is from the couples with one or more particular gender of children, in which they has an intensified to have another gender of the child. There was a case of a Scottish couple, Mr and Mrs Masterton who had four sons and lost their only daughter in an accident. They were preparing to challenge the HFE Au thority in judicial review due to its refusal in granting the fertility clinic the licence to select the right gender on their embryo to have a girl.8 There are some points and its corresponding argument in whether the parents should allow to choose their future childs gender. First, the incidence of infanticide can be prevent through gender selection. Some of the cultural places still have high incidence although that it is important of having at least one of the particular gender of the child. So, we can prevent the trauma and stress of not having a desired gender of the child which might have negative cultural connotations. The advance of technology doesnt enable us to find which gender the child is. Thus, some couples will be disappointed, then, they abort it and try to conceive again. So, wouldnt it be perfect for the person to choose instead of aborting it until they get the right one? Furthermore, the abandon of children is the most common consequence of the gender selection.9 Some of the parents are willing to throw away their children or hating them because of the undesirable gender. In the past, infanticide was seen the o nly solution if the infants did not have the desired gender that the parents want. But, now, with the advanced medical technology, many parents are going to have an ultrasound scan to determine the sex of the baby. As the ultrasound test and abortion became more available, the trend toward more boys than girls accelerated steadily after 1986.10 A former medical director from the countrys largest abortion provider had mentioned that it was common for the women to decide to terminate their pregnancies because of the gender of the baby.11 Besides, the Dr Vincent Argent had a same opinion and he believed that some of the doctor felt it is reasonable and had arranged the terminations relating to the gender of the foetus.12 The performance of the abortions for the purpose of sex selection is widespread, especially those in South and East Asia like China and India. In India, parents are often willing to pay for an abortion if 6 Mosher, S.W. (2011). Sex-selective Abortions Come Home. National Review Online. 7 Puri, S., Adams, V., Ivey, S., and Nachtigall, R.D. (2011). There is such a thing as too many daughters. But not too many sons: A qualitative study of son preference and fetal sex selection among Indian immigrants in the United States. Social Science Medicine,72(7): 1169-1176. 8 London: HFEA, 2003; www.hfea.gov.uk/docs/final_sex_selection_main_report.pdf 9 Jha et al. (2006). Low female[corrected]-to-male [corrected] sex ratio of children born in India: national survey of 1.1 million households. Lancet, 367: 211-218. 10 Lafraniere, S. (2009). Chinese bias for baby boys creates a gap of 32 million. The New York Times. 11 Newell, C. and Watt, H. (2012). Sex-selection abortions are widespread. Telegraph. 12 Newell, C and Watt, H. (2012). Paragraph 2. it is a girl. Although sex selection test and abortion have been banned for 15 years in India, the figures still state that there are 750,000 girls are aborted each year.13 From an article, Harsh reality of Indias unwanted girls, some Indians believe it is much better that a girl is killed before born rather after.14 Although they know it is a sin to abort, they still turn themselves as a blind eye to let the growing incidence of gender selection. Well, the counterpoint of this is the population of course might become imbalanced if most people just choose a particular gender. These imbalances are harmful because it will interrupt or damage the gene population. The imbalance is expected to steadily worsen among people of childbearing age over the next two decades and could trigger a slew of social problemsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. If youve got highly sexed young men, there is a concern that they will all get together and, with high levels of testosterone, there may be a real risk, that they wi ll go out and commit crimes says coauthor Therese Hesketh.15 An investigative research published in the British Medical Journal, attributed the imbalance almost completely due to the decision of couples to terminate female fetuses. About a million female fetuses are terminated and 10 in thousands of girls are missing.16 Most of the Chinese families in China preferred sons which directly increased the rate of female fetus abortion due to the one-child policy. This policy not only increased the abortion rate, but it also led to a gender imbalance. A study has found that there are currently 32 million more boys than girls under the age 20.17 A similar situation is happening in India too.The data shown that 914 girls are aborted in every 1000 boys in India.18 The termination of female fetuses is not occurred because the parents do not want and love their daughters, but due to the social reasons making them prefer sons.19 Second, the parents should have their own freedom of choice. Why shouldnt the parents to decide their own childs gender, given that no harm is done to others in their decision? The article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that: Men and Women of full ageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ have the right to marry and to found a family. 20 With this right, it should understand and cover the right in making decision on how one family should be built up. Besides, why should a family having a large number of one gender be expropriated of the chance to have a different gender of a child if the technology exists? As the director of the Fertility Institute states: these are grown-up people expressing their reproductive choicesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ are really happy when they get what they want. 21 13 Prasad, A. (2007). Harsh Reality of Indias unwanted girls. BBC News. 14 Prasad, A (2007). Part 2: Dowry burden. 15 Strickland, E. (2009). Sex-selective Abortions in China have produced 32 Million extra boys. The Discover. 16 Leung, M. (2011). A structural model of sex selective abortion: the effect of one-child policy on sex ratio imbalance in china. University of Minnesota and Washington University in St Louis, p.1-49. 17 Zhu, P.W.X., Lu, P.L., and Hesketh, T. (2009). Chinas excess males, sex selective abortion, and one child policy from 2005 national intercensus survey. BMJ, 338. 18 Lakshimi, R. (2013) 19 The Economist. (2011) 20 U.N General Assembly. (1948, December 10). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieves from United Nations. 21 Stein, R. (2004). A Boy for You, a Girl for Me: Technology Allows Choice. The Washington Post. Well, there is the argument where the freedom of choice is important but it should not be conferred at the unconditional love for ones children. According to the Georgetown professor, the sex selection is a threat to the main value of parenthood that usually expressed by the commitment to unconditional love.22 As Harvard professor Michael Sandel notes, consider the father who wants a boy in hopes of having as a son the athlete he had never been. Suppose the son isnt interested in sportsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ what sorts of expectations will burden a child who has designed with certain purposes in mind? 23 So, the children should be loved whoever they are, not because they are who we wanted. For that reason, parents should be encouraged to love their children equally regardless of gender, and the freedom of choice should not be allowed in this regard. Third, the other argument point regarding to the sex selection should be allowed is with sex-specific, the genetic diseases can be prevented. Some family are carriers of the known sex-specific diseases, it is obviously by gender determination can ensure that the disease will avoid from passing to the next generation or their child. Nearly most of the sex-linked diseases are either more serious among one gender or more common in one gender. For example, haemophilia, HIV, colour blindness, and muscular dystrophy are more common to a male suffering from one X chromosome.24 While, the disease of the immune system is most commonly affected by women.25 Therefore, the Microsoft technique used in sorting the sperm carrying the Y and double X chromosome to determine the gender as well as determining the genetic disorder is carried out. This technique is not harmful to the human genes. Statistical data has shown that over 1200 babies have been born using this advance technology.26 On the other hand, 100% accuracy is not happened for all technology in determining the genetic disease that carries on. Therefore, the medical costs should be considered together with medical benefits. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis involved the embryo development outside the womb and then tested for gender. Only the desired gender is implanted in the womb and how about those are not of the desired gender? All the undesired embryo is destroyed. Over a dozen of embryos or human life has been created with the purpose of destroyed, its also a kind of abortion. The data shown that by using the gender selection technologies, the accuracy rate for choosing a girl is 93% and 82% go to the boys which inevitably most of the selections go for males.27 Thus, most of the couples are so keen to have a child with particular gender and unwilling to take the risk of having one of other gender. Although the Microsort technique is harmless to the parents, some scientists like Lord Winston expressed the fear that the technique will damage the sperm and genetic mutation might be more likely to occur. 22 Stein, R (2004). Page 4. 23 Stein, R (2004). Page 4. 24 Macnair, D.T. (2010). Fragile X syndrome. BBC Health. 25 Doe, J. (2000). Immune System Disorders. Time. 26 Genetics and IVF Institute. (2008). Microsort. Genetics and IVF Institute. 27 Genetics and IVF Institute. (2008). However, one of the points against in sex selection is the pre-selection of sex uses costly medical care for frivolous purposes. The treatment required for gender pre-selection was initially designed to prevent the disease. But many of the patients using the treatment which is capable of conceiving healthy children. A director from the Genesis Genetics Institute said that 70% of patients would not have needed IVF, in other words healthy and fertile couples are choosing this higher risk, sometimes painful and also expensive treatment when they could conceive a baby naturally.28 But, it still depends on the individuals to make decisions whether this treatment is worth or not. There is an evidence from parents who has gone through the treatment. They said that the sex selection of their children was not a frivolous or ridiculous purpose. Sharla Allen replied They are. Theyre totally everything I could ever wantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but why arent having two daughters that will be just as wond erful as they are? when she was asked whether her three boys had still not been enough for her.29 So, no-one is harmed in this treatment; thus, it should be the parents choice to have the treatment since they know the risks beforehand. On the other hand, the abortion rate can be reduced with this expensive medical technology. The abortion, especially sex selection, is illegal in most of the country. Its same to India where most of the clinics doing illegal abortion were shut down. However, the reality is that sex-selective abortion is still happening behind the door. Thus, it is difficult to control and its not only restricted to the poor.30 There is an evidence that happened to Pooja who married to a multi-millionaire industrialist and had 10 years old twin girls. When she pregnanted another girl, his husband forced her to abort it even he was rich and afford to grow another daughter. She claimed that a girl would only take money with her to her-in-laws without bringing any wealth in.31 Due to the this negative mindset, sex-selective abortion becomes even worse from year to year. Another debate points against the gender selection is the children should not be designed or created to specifications. Children are not pets or toys. So, they are no meant to be designed to let their owner more convenient. Harvard philosopher Michael Sandel argued that it runs the risk of turning procreation and parenting into an extension of the consumer society and it is also one step forward in designing baby.32 The selection of eye colour, hairy ears or hair colour soon will be requested by the parents if the gender selection is allowed. That is only the beginning. This is because we are encouraging the false ideas of perfection if we allowing sex selection. Moreover, there has been no justification for supporting such indulgence at public expense. The gap will grow even bigger between poor and rich people, as the rich designer will want both their design and the appearance of their children to reflect their property or wealth. Let say, if a gay gene is discovered, would parent s be allowed to eliminate embryos containing it? We should follow the idea that we appreciate on everything what we are given. Otherwise, the people will reject their own child more likely when they did not get whatever they want. 28 Gajilan, C. (2005). Gender selection a reality, but is it ethical? CNN Health. 29 Gajilan, C. (2005). 30 Lakshimi, R. (2013) 31 Prasad, A. (2007), Part 3: Tolerated Abortion. 32 Stein,R (2004). Page 1. In contrast, parents have their own right to choose the gender to build up of their family if the technology is available. This can improve the chances of the child to fit into the dream of their family and they are more likely to get loved. Every individual can choose their own partners, and also have their freedom to choose the time of getting pregnant according to their age, wealth or prosperity.33 Parents sacrifice so much for their children. They invest a huge mount of their wealth and years of their lives in growing up their children. So, Isnt fair that in return, they get to choose their child with the gender that they want? This is also an extension of the rights of reproductive field. But, according to the report of Nuffield Council on Bioethnics, an attitude of natural humility, where the parents accept their children is an important feature of parental love. The love the parents owe their children and not dependent on the characteristics of a child.34 Besides, it is a wonder or surprise process in having a child. So, the childbirth should not interfere with human motives. Some people have an opinion that the time of conception is decided by God and do not attempt to play with God. Dr. Mark Hughes, who helped in pioneering the procedure, intended it in preventing the disease of the gender, unfortunately, is not a kind of disease which has no illness and no suffering.35 Furthermore, many people view that there is no morally difference between the new technologies and the abortion where a potential life is taken away. In 2011, there are 196,082 abortions in England and wales.36 How many cases is the consequence of gender selection? The recent news or articles published that the illegal abortion on the grounds of gender might take place in Britain within immigrant communities by analysing the birth statistics.37 As we know, the termination of pregnancy based on the gender is illegal in the UK. But, the abortions of fetuses up to 24 we eks are allowed if the pregnancy was on ground of physical and caused psychological risk to the mother, or in cases the child was severely physically or mentally abnormal.38 According to the recent article by Elena Ralli, there are also evidence shown that the sex-selective abortion is spreading in Europe and the U.S. too.39 If the sex selection is legalized, it will cause the selective abortion became more common and parents will simply kill a human life legally because they want to choose the desired gender of their child. While, there are some arguments stating that the mystery of childbirth is not easy to shatter. Sharla Miller, who go for gender selection, denies the suggestion that it is like playing God. She believed that it is just like every procedure that medical can do for us.40 For example, when the elder child suffers from spina bifida, they fixed it out. Were they playing with God? Moreover, the gender selection is important and helpful for parents to plan their childs future like choosing the clothes, naming etc. The sex selection happened in many countries and cultured by abandonment of unwanted babies or selection abortion. Everyone felt that this is a cruel and terrible waste of human life and also very dangerous for the mother. Obviously, many people strongly object the abortion on moral grounds. The development of new technologies in determining the gender in the early stage of pregnancy will definitely reduce and eventually stop the use of selective abortion. 33 Meek, J. (2001). Baby Blues. The Guardian. 34 Nuffield Council on Bioethics, Genetics and Human Behaviour (2002). The ethical context, Para13.78 35 Leung, R. (2004). Choose the sex of Your Baby. CBS News. 36 Harker, R. (2012) Statistics on Abortions. Page 2. 37 Mason, R. (2013). The abortion of unwanted girls taking place in the UK. Telegraph. 38 HFE Act 1990, Schedule 2, para 1ZB. 39 Ralli, E. (2013). Alarming rise in abortion of female fetuses in Europe. New Europe Online. 40 Leung, R. (2004). After stating the arguments arising in whether the sex selection should be permitted and the most serious effect- abortion because of gender selection. So, what is your opinion on sex-selection? Should the parents be permitted to pre-determine their future childs gender? In my opinion, sex selection should not be permitted to the parents to choose the gender of their future child. From my perspectives, gender selection is extremely bad for women. In other words, girls are discriminated by the social. As mentioned above, the cultural preferences for boys led to the male children are more likely to be educated and employed in good jobs which can earn enough income to support a family. Besides, boys are also expected by the families to contribute to the familys well-being and take care of aging parents. Unfortunately, the girls were not only treated as liabilities rather than assets, they also did not have the same treatment in education and employment.41 But, these ideas were no longer establish in 21st century global culture. We know, of course, that women can also success in education and workplace if there is no sex discrimination and they are given the same opportunities as men. Furthermore, women can be the one to help in raising their families and communities out of poverty. Therefore, we should not offer the sex-selection services that support false and outdated aristocracy system. Next, again sex-selection is not fair to women and even to the baby girl. We know, of course, conceiving a baby need man and woman to work together. It is actually known that the male plays an important role to determine whether the baby conceive is boy or girl. In other words, man is the one who produces heterogametic sperm which containing either X chromosome or a Y chromosome to decide the gender of their child. Why I argued that it is not fair to women? This is because a huge number of husbands keep blaming his wife for not conceiving a boy. Whats wrong with the women? Women only provide an immotile egg to let sperms (which decide the sex) to fertilise. Unfortunately, many husbands still push this responsibility to women and give pressure to their wife. The reason why the women felt that they were unable to save their daughter because many women became the victims of family violence when they were carrying girls. Some had been slapped, bumped and shoved around by aggressive husba nds and in-laws, or even kicked in the stomach in an effort to let them miscarry.42 While, some denied food and water in order to coerce them to abort their unwanted girl babies.43 Most women, who come to the fertility clinic to ask for help in conceiving a boy, are likely under pressure from her husband or her husbands families to avoid from any mishap happened to them. It is not fair to let a woman to undertake this heavy responsibility. Although the reproductive technology today is able to help women free from coercion or pressure, it is actually bringing to the severe problem later on. It will turn to the continuous controversial if gender selection services are allowed. After helping in relieving the pressure of women from their husband, it comes to other problems where the imbalance sex population occurs. Due to this imbalance population, again more and more problems happened. 41 Pande, R., and Malbotra, A. (2006). Son preference and daughter neglect in India: What happened to living girls? Washington, D.C.: International Center for Research on Women. 42 Raj et al. (2011). Abuse from in-laws during pregnancy and post-patrum: qualitative and quantitative findings from low=icome mothers of Infants in Mumbai, India. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 15(6):700-712. 43 Puri et al. (2011). Pg. 1174 If gender selection is permitted, it will bring to the social and economic consequences. Although not every family prefers son over daughter, but it sure will lead to the imbalance of population. For example, the one-child policy which has a limitation on the number of children in each couple, causing the couples with strong son preference.44 Consequently, the shortage of women in China has disastrous and serious social effect. . For example, in China and India, many young men are unable to find a partner, resulting in the rising of sexual violence, prostitution, kidnapping and forced marriage.45, 46 In addition, due to the selfishness of the parents to have a male heir and abort the girl fetuses, it may increase the mental health problems and severely abnormal social behaviour among men as well as leaving some men unable to get married and having their own family.47 The sex-selection problem might lead to the marriage squeeze problem which is happening now in China. This problem has commonly happened between the uneducated male in rural area. A study indicated that 15% of uneducated men at age 40 were still single, whereas there are only 0.5% among those were university-educated men in the early 1980s.48 The percentage keeps increasing from year to year. The Chinese officials predict that after 2030 some 30 million young men will be unable to find a marriage age.49 Besides, the sex-ratio imbalance in one country not only increases the crime, but also the number of sex workers with HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. There is evidence that young single men with HIV positive are more likely to pay for sex.50 There are many negative consequences of sex selection which we can clearly know from some of the country like China and India. So, should the gender selection permitted because of ones individuality? Moreover, gender selection reinforces in oppressing and false gender roles. This problem is most probably happened to the population which utilizes gender selection technology after having one or more same gender of children. An evidence from the Slate article How to Buy a Daughter, profiled a woman named Megan Simpson who was grown up in a family of four sisters and like to sew, bake, make up and so on and she wished to share these interests with her girl who can dress in pink. 51 The problem, of course not every little girl like sewing, baking or even dressing up in pink. Thats same go to the boys, not every little boy like sports, blue colour shirt. So, the relationship between the gender of children and their preferences is unpredictable, changeable and not exactly like what we think. Why we need to have a thought that which things are suitable for girls and which one is for boys? Is that good to allow parents to engineer their children based on their interests or the purpose of achieving the cultural norms? The sex-selection should not be allowed due to this reason. The child will be the one to suffer if their interests are entirely opposite with their parents wish or cultural norms. In this situation, obviously either the child or the parents will disappoint with each other. 44 Leung, M. (2011). Pg 12. 45 Christakis, E. (2013). Rape in India: A Result of Sec Selection? Time. 46 Dagar, R. (2001). Life enhancing mechanisms, life depriving outcomes: case of female foeticide. Chandigard: Institute for Development and Communication. 47 Leung, M. (2011). Pg 12. 48 Wang, F. (2005). Asia Pacific Issues. East West Centre. 49 Vermeer, E.B. (2006). Demographic Dimensions of Chinas Development, Population and Development Review, 32: 115-144. 50 South, S.J., and Trent, K. (2010). Imbalanced Sex Ratios, Mens Sexual Behaviour, and Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infection in China. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, 51 (4): 376-390. 51 Sidhu, J. (2012). How to Buy a Daughter. Slate. In conclusion, so far we have discussed the use of sex selection in a reproductive field, where it is practiced for the purpose of preventing hereditary sex-linked disorders. We see no reason why, if a method to determine the sex of a child before fertilization is developed, this technology should not offer to a couple who have good medical reasons and purposely want to choose the gender of their child. But, if an easy and efficient technique of ensuring the conception of the particular sex of the child became available, some couples would obviously hope to make use of it for the purpose of social reasons.51 Such decision will affect the family and the children involved and somehow would bring the implications to society. It is actually hard to predict, either in the short or long term, this practice effect on the ratio of the males to females within society. Studies have shown that the majority of couples would choose the boy as their first child. If this happened, it again raises t he controversy where there is considerable evidence that the first child may enjoy more advantages over the younger siblings. Since there are difficult to predict the outcome of any such practice, we have not found it possible to amend the laws and regulation in the sex selection. 52 Cmnd 9314, London: HMSO, 1984.